ஒரு நாளை கோசாலாவில் செலவிடுங்கள் - கொங்க கோசாலா, காங்கேயம்

Source :- நவீன உழவன் - Naveena Uzhavan

Incubating the egg

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Keep track of time and vital statistics. Chicken eggs take 21 days to hatch, so it's important to know the exact day you put them in the incubator. Also, keep track of the humidity and temperature readings.

How to Make a Simple Homemade Incubator for Chicks part 1

Raising chickens at home has become popular recently since more people have become educated about the plight of hens raised in factory farms. Hatching chickens can be a fun family project, too. While the costs of buying an incubator are quite high, it is a relatively simple process to make one at home. You probably already have the ingredients sitting around your house right now.

Vechur Cattle

The Vechur cattle are a smaller sized and native Indian breed of Bos indicus cattle. The breed was named after the village Vechoor in Kottayam district of the Kerala state in India. According to the Guinness Book of Records, the Vechur cattle breed is the smallest cattle breed in the world. The breed is noted and valued for the larger amount of milk production compared to the amount of food it requires. Sosamma Iype, a Professor of Animal breeding and Genetics along with a team of her student saved the breed from extinction due to conservation efforts. A conservation unit was started in the year of 1989. And in 1998, a conservation trust was formed to continue the work with farmer participation. The Vechur cattle became rare when the native animals were crossbred with exotic animals. And the breed was popular in Kerala until the 1960s. It was listed on the FAO’s World Watch List of Domestic Animal Diversity in 2000, in it’s ‘Critical-Maintained Breeds List’. The breed was listed pointing to imminent extinction, as breeds are included in the list when the number of breeding cows and bulls fall to very low levels. There are about 200 cows are supposed to exist today. And most of them (nearly 100) are in the Veterinary College. Read more info about this cattle breed below.

Punganur Cattle

The Punganur cattle which is also known as Punganur dwarf cattle originated from the Chitoor district of Andhra Pradesh in southern India. The breed is among the world’s smallest humped cattle breeds. It is named after the town of it’s origin, Punganur, in Chittor district situated in the south-eastern tip of the Deccan Plateau. The Punganur cattle breed is on the verge of extinction, with a few animals remaining. And these remaining animals are being reared mainly on the Livestock Research Station, Palamaner, Chittoor district, attached to SV Veterinary University. The breed is not officially recognized as a breed since there are only a few animals remaining. Punganur cattle are mainly noted for their very high quality milk which is rich in medicinal properties. Today the breed is pretty rare. Read more information about this breed below.

Characteristics
Punganur cattle are smaller sized animals and are white and light grey in color. Sometimes they can also be light brown to dark brown or red in color. They have a broad forehead and short horns. Their horns are crescent shaped and often loose curving backward and forward in bulls and lateral and forward in cows. Average height of the Punganur cattle is about 70-90 cm. The bulls on average weight around 225 kg. And average body weight of the cows is around 115 kg. Photo from Dairy Knowledge Portal and info from Wikipedia.

Kankrej Cattle

Kankrej cattle are a breed of Zebu cattle. They originated from the Kankrej Taluka of Banaskantha district in the state of Gujarat in India. And the breed gets it name from it’s home tract ‘Kankrej‘. They are also known by some other names such as Wagad, Waged, Wadhir, Wadial, Wadhiar, Bannai, Vaghiyar, Vadhiyar, Nagar and Talabda. Kankrej cattle breed comes from southeast of the Desert of Cutch in western India, particularly along the banks of the rivers Banas and Saraswati which flow from east to west and drain into the desert of Cutch. Review characteristics, use and full breed profile of Kankrej cattle below.

Kankrej Cattle

Characteristics
Kankrej cattle are large in size. And it is one of the heaviest Indian cattle breeds. Their color varies form silver to gray to iron gray or steel black. Newly born Kankrej calves have rust red-colored polls, and this color disappear within 6 to 9 months. Kankrej cattle have short face, their forehead is broad and slightly dished in the center. Their nose looks slightly upturned. Their hump, forequarters and hindquarters are darker than the barrel, especially in the bulls. They have lyre-shaped strong horns. And their horns are covered with skin to a higher point than in other breeds. The ears of Kankrej cattle are large, pendulous and open. The hump in the bulls is well developed. The dewlap is thin but pendulous and bulls have pendulous sheaths. Their skin is slightly loose and of medium thickness. Pigmentation of the skin is dark. Their legs are particularly shapely and well balanced. And have small feet which are round and durable. On average Kankrej bulls weight about 550-570 kg, and cows about 330-370 kg. Photo form Wikipedia.

Gir Cattle

The Gir cattle is a famous dairy cattle breed originating in India. It is one of the principal Zebu or Bos indicus breeds in India, and has been used locally in the improvement of other breeds. The native tract of Gir cattle is Gir hills and forests of Kathiawar. Which includes Amreli, Bhavnagar, Junagadh and Rajkot districts of Gujarat. The breed derives its name from the Gir forest, which is the natural habitat of the breed. The breed is also known as some other names in different parts of their breeding tract. Such as Bhodali, Gujarati, Sorthi, Surti, Kathiawari and Desan. Gir cattle is also very popular outside India. United States, Mexico, Venezuela and Brazil have imported this breed. And they are being bred successfully there. The breed was also one of the cattle breeds used in the development of the Brahman cattle in North America.

Characteristics
Gir cattle is distinctive in appearance and a heavy breed. Their body is well proportioned and the udder in cows is well developed and round. Their body color is shining red to spotted white. Although, their body color can vary from pure red to speckles, yellowish red to white with large red spots. Their skin is soft, thin and glossy. They have a big head with prominent bulging sheild and a long face. The convex forehead of Gir cattle is the most unusual feature of this breed. Their convex forehead acts as a cooling radiator to the brain and pituitary gland. Their ears are very long and are an excellent fly and insect swatter. Their eyes are hooded and black pigmented and there are lot of loose skin around their eye area. They have very hard feet which is black in color. The horns of Gir cattle are set well back on their heads and thick at the base. Their horns grow downwards and backwards with an upward curve. They have large hump. The average body weight of Gir bull is about 545 kg and 385 kg for cows. Photo from Wikipedia.